There's a lot of information about this topic and many more what if's. Compassionate action are based on two categories: (1) Temporary (resolvable within a year) and (2) Not expected to be resolved within a year.
Below is some temporary criterium:
AR 614-200, Chapter 5, Section III, Compassionate Actions
5–17. Compassionate requests when problems are temporaryThe following criteria is in addition to the criteria listed in paragraphs 5–14 and 5–15.
a. The problem must be temporary and resolvable within 1 year.
b. The problem neither existed nor was foreseen at the time of the latest entry on active duty. Reenlistment without a break in service is not considered to be the latest entry on active duty.
c. Commanders with GCMCA, on a one–time basis, may—
(1) Temporarily defer, up to 60 days, Soldiers’ AIs when the request for family travel was submitted late due to extensive evaluation and testing of family members identified during mandatory medical screening in support of the Exceptional Family Member Program (EFMP) (not applicable to IET students).
(2) Delete Soldiers’ AIs when, within nine months of Soldiers’ report date—
(a) The spouse or minor child is deceased.
(b) There has been a documented rape of spouse or minor child, and the Soldier’s presence is essential to resolve related problems.
d. Situations not stated in c, above, will be decided by HRC (AHRC–EPO–A). The following are examples of conditions that normally warrant approval:
(1) Terminal illness with less than 12 months’ life expectancy of an immediate family member documented by attending physician.
(2) Scheduled major surgery of Soldier’s spouse or minor child with 12 months or less recovery/rehabilitation documented by attending physician.
(3) A recent severe psychotic episode involving a spouse or child.
(4) Soldiers’ minor children are being made wards of the court or placed in an orphanage or foster home as a result of family separation. Separation must be the result of military service and not of neglect or misconduct on the part of the Soldier.
(5) Adoption cases in which the home study (deciding if a child is to be placed) has been completed and a child is scheduled to be placed in Soldiers’ home within 90 days. Additionally, if Soldiers are pending reassignment action, the Soldiers must have initiated the adoption proceedings before notification of reassignment.
(6) Soldiers en route from an accompanied OCONUS tour to an unaccompanied OCONUS tour may be deferred for up to 30 days. The deferment is for settlement of family when the Soldier’s presence is required for unforeseen problems.